What is Dengue?
Dengue fever is a tropical mosquito-borne disease caused by the virus of dengue. Symptoms usually start 3-14 days after infection. High headache, vomit, muscular and articular pain, and characteristic rash of the skin can be included.
It usually takes two to seven days to recover. The disease develops in a few cases into severe dengue, also known as dengue hemorrhagic fever, leading to bleeding, low blood platelet and leakage or a dengue shock syndrome where dangerously low blood pressure happens.
Symptoms Of Dengue
Asymptomatic (80 percent) or with mild symptoms, e.g. fever. Others have more severe disease (5%) and are life-threatening to a small extent.
The incubation period (time between exposure and symptom onset) is between 3 and 14 days, but usually between 4 and 7 days.
Therefore, if the symptoms begin more than 14 days after arriving home, people from endemic areas are not likely to get dengue fever.
Children are often at greater risk of serious complications, although initial symptoms are generally mild, but involve high fever, and experience a severe symptom similar to that of common cold and gastroenteritis.
Cause Of Dengue
Dengue fever (DENV) is a Flaviviridae RNA virus; Flavivirus gland. Other similar genres include yellow fever, the West Nile virus, Zika Virus, the St. Louis virus, the Japanese virus of encephalitis, the tick-born virus of encéphalitis, the forest-borne virus of Kyasanur, and the hemorrhagic fever-virus of Omsk.
The majority of arthropods (mosquitoes and ticks) are transmitted and are thus also called arbovirus (the virus transmitted from the arthropod).
Mode Of Transmission Of Dengue
Aedes mosquitoes, particularly A, are mainly the transmitting of the dengue virus. Aegypti.-Aegypti. These mosquitos generally live at less than 1000 meters (3,300 ft.) in latitudes 35 ° North and 35 ° South.
In the early morning and the evening, they usually morsel, but they may morsel and thus spread infection every day. Aedes are other species transmitting the disease. A. A. A. A. A. A and polynesiensis.
The sweetheart. Sweetheart. Humans are the virus’ primary host, but they circulate in nonhuman primates as well. A single bite may cause an infection.
During the initial 2- to 10-day febrile period a female mosquito who takes blood meal from someone with dengue fever becomes infected with a virus in the cells in which he lines his belly.
Eight to ten days later, the virus expands to other tissues including the salivary glands of the mosquito and is then released into the saliva of the mosquito.
The virus does not appear to have any detrimental effect on the infected mosquito for life. Aedes aegypti is especially concerned with placing its eggs in artificial water containers, living near people and feeding on people instead of other vertebrates.
Preventive Measures From Dengue
The preventive measures of dengue are given below:
i) Advocacy, social mobilization and legislation to ensure the strengthening of public health institutions and communities;
ii) Health and other (public and private) collaboration;
iii) An integrated disease control approach to maximize resource utilization;
iv) Evidence-based decision making to ensure adequate targeting of all interventions;
v) Strengthening capacity to ensure that local conditions are addressed adequately.
Vaccine Of Dengue
In 2016, in the Philippines and Indonesia, a partially effective dengue fever vaccine was commercially available. It has been approved for use by the United States, most of Europe, Mexico , Brazil, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Singapore.
The vaccine is recommended for people who have previously been infected with dengue or for populations where the majority (> 80%) of people are infected with age 9.
There is evidence that there are subsequent infections in those who have not been previously infected. For this reason, even in areas where disease is common, Prescrire considers it not suitable for large-scale immunization.
Sanofi is the manufacturer of this vaccine and is named Dengvaxia. The combination of the yellow fever virus and each of the four dengue serotypes is deteriorated.
Vaccine studies have found it to be 66% effective and over 80-90% prevented in serious cases. Some people want it less than they want. For the recommended three doses, Indonesia costs about US$ 207.
Given the current vaccine limitations, vaccine research continues and the fifth serotype may be considered.
One of the concerns is that the risk of serious illness may be increased by vaccine enhancing antibody-related diseases (ADE).
The ideal vaccine is safe, efficient following one or two injections, covers all serotypes and does not help with ADE and is easy to transport and store.